Sarsaparilla (Smilax hispida), also known as bristly greenbrier or catbrier, is a deciduous woody vine native to Missouri and the eastern United States that grows 20 to 40 feet tall, climbing by tendrils or sprawling along the ground. Hardy from zones 4 to 8, this vigorous vine thrives in full sun to partial shade and tolerates wet soils, making it an exceptional choice for rain gardens and naturalized areas where its showy flowers and fruits attract birds throughout the growing season. The plant's bristly stems demand respect, but its low maintenance needs and drought tolerance reward gardeners willing to give it space to establish.
Partial Sun
Moderate
4-8
480in H x 72in W
—
High
Hover over chart points for details
Sarsaparilla vine produces delicate greenish flowers in axillary clusters from May through June, followed by showy fruit that birds find irresistible. The plant's ability to thrive in moist, wet, or drought conditions gives it remarkable flexibility across different garden sites. Its deciduous, twining growth habit creates dense, shrubby thickets in the wild, offering excellent screening or naturalization potential in zones 4 through 8.
Sarsaparilla serves primarily as a naturalized vine for wildlife-focused gardens and rain garden installations. Its dense growth habit and ability to thrive in wet soils make it valuable for erosion control and stream bank stabilization in native plant landscapes. Gardeners cultivate it to support bird populations with its abundant fruit.
No timeline data available yet for this variety.
Prune sarsaparilla in late winter or early spring to direct its vigorous twining growth along a support structure or to contain its spread. The plant's bristly stems make pruning uncomfortable, so wear heavy gloves and long sleeves. Avoid frequent pruning once established; this vine thrives on minimal intervention. If it begins rambling excessively across the ground, selectively cut back to prevent it from overwhelming neighboring plants.
Enter your ZIP code to see a personalized growing calendar for this plant.
“Smilax hispida occurs naturally throughout Missouri, where it appears in thickets, low woods, wooded slopes, and stream banks in virtually every county. This common greenbriar has been part of the native landscape for centuries, forming the dense, impenetrable tangles that early settlers encountered in eastern woodlands. The plant's long history in North American ecosystems and its prevalence across the region speak to its resilience and ecological role.”