Rosemary

Start seeds indoors 10 to 12 weeks before your average last frost date, maintaining soil temperatures between 65 and 75 degrees Fahrenheit. Sow seeds on the surface or barely covered, as light aids germination. Expect slow germination, taking 3 to 4 weeks; patience is essential. Transplant when seedlings reach 1 inch tall, thinning to 1 plant every 12 inches indoors.

Transplant outdoors 10 to 12 weeks after starting indoors, once soil temperature reaches at least 60 degrees Fahrenheit. In zones 8-10, harden off seedlings and plant outside 1 to 2 weeks after your average last frost date. Space plants 24 inches apart in rows 36 inches apart. For perennial growth, thin final spacing to 1 plant every 36 inches.

In mild climates, direct sow 1 to 2 weeks after your average last frost date when soil temperature reaches at least 60 degrees Fahrenheit. In cold climates, start seeds in containers indoors instead.

Begin harvesting the fragrant foliage once the plant is established, typically 80 to 129 days from seed or sooner from transplants. Pinch or cut leaves from the tips of stems as needed for fresh use. The plant's conifer-like leaves retain their aromatic oils whether harvested fresh or dried, making rosemary one of the few herbs that doesn't lose scent during storage and drying.

Prune plants after bloom in June and July to encourage dense foliage growth and maintain desired shape. The upright, rounded growth habit responds well to shaping, allowing you to direct the plant's form while stimulating branching.