Various (TMV, CMV, ZYMV, etc.)
Group of viral diseases causing mottled, distorted foliage. No cure exists - prevention and resistant varieties are key.
Mottled light and dark green patterns on leaves (mosaic). Leaf curling and distortion. Stunted growth. Reduced yield. Distorted fruit.
Various viruses including Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), and others. Each has different hosts and vectors.
Aphids (CMV), contaminated tools and hands (TMV), infected seed. TMV is extremely stable and spreads easily by contact.
Presence of aphid vectors. Handling plants (especially for TMV). Infected seed or transplants.
Plant resistant varieties. Control aphids. Don't smoke near plants (TMV). Wash hands before handling plants. Use certified virus-free seed.