Agrotis spp., Peridroma saucia
Caterpillars that cut off seedlings at soil level, often destroying entire plantings overnight. Feed at night, hide in soil during day.
Plump, smooth caterpillars 1-2 inches long, gray to brown. Curl into C-shape when disturbed. Adults are dull brown or gray moths.
Seedlings cut off at or just below soil surface. Wilted or missing transplants. Chewed leaves on older plants. Plants toppled overnight.
1-5 generations per year depending on species and climate. Overwinter as larvae or pupae in soil. Adults emerge in spring, lay eggs on plants or soil.
Remove weeds and debris before planting. Till soil to expose larvae. Delay planting until soil warms. Use transplants instead of direct seeding.